{"id":12528,"date":"2021-12-04T09:31:54","date_gmt":"2021-12-04T09:31:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ku.kongra-star.org\/?p=12528"},"modified":"2021-12-04T09:31:54","modified_gmt":"2021-12-04T09:31:54","slug":"aboriya-jin","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/kongra-star.org\/?p=12528","title":{"rendered":"Aboriya jin"},"content":{"rendered":"

Sifata Xwed\u00ea ku di zaroktiya me de ji me re hatib\u00fb h\u00eenkirin; ji tuneb\u00fbn\u00ea heb\u00fbn, ji heb\u00fbn\u00ea tuneb\u00fbn afirandin b\u00fb ku p\u00eak dianiyan. Her ku em mezin b\u00fbn me heta hestiy\u00ean xwe h\u00ees kir ku ev taybetiya \u201cXwedah\u00ee\u201d di her qada jiyan\u00ea de bandor kiriye. Ev hikm di esas\u00ea xwe de ji ser heb\u00fbn \u00fb afir\u00eenek\u00ean jin\u00ea hatib\u00fbn\u00a0 ezm\u00fbnkirin \u00fb li hem\u00fb qada civak\u00ee hatib\u00fb guncandin. Ango em gelek pi\u015ft re h\u00een b\u00fbn ku em jin xelek\u00ean \u201cp\u00ea\u015f\u00ee \u00fb daw\u00ee y\u00ean m\u00eatingehiy\u00ea b\u00fbn\u201d. <\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

DERKETINA JI KAOSA ROJHILATA NAV\u00ceN; ABORIYA JIN\u00ca YA KOMUNAL, DEMOKRAT\u00ceK<\/strong><\/p>\n

Reh\u00ean kaos \u00fb tengaviya li Rojhilata Nav\u00eena ku day\u00eekni\u015ft\u00eemana p\u00ea\u015f\u00een a mirovahiy\u00ea ku bi pergala nirxan \u00fb civak\u00eetiy\u00ea di derdora jin\u00ea de bi p\u00ea\u015f ketiye , qet guman tune ku xwe disp\u00eare dem\u00ean pir ber\u00ea. Ger em bi away\u00ea her\u00ee fehmbar \u00eefade bikin belk\u00ee destp\u00eaka v\u00ea heta \u00eexaneta p\u00ea\u015f\u00een a li nirx\u00ean ku jin\u00ea afirandine \u00fb m\u00eatiniya p\u00ea\u015f\u00een a li ser ked \u00fb bedena jin\u00ea d\u00ea dir\u00eaj bibe. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea dema qeyrana li Rojhilata Nav\u00een t\u00ea anal\u00eezkirin, ten\u00ea bi modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest a p\u00eancsed sala daw\u00ee ravekirin t\u00ear nake. D\u00ea ev me, ji tesp\u00eetkirina rast a pirsgir\u00eak\u00ea bi d\u00fbr bix\u00eene. Daketina reh\u00ean pirsgir\u00eak\u00ea, tesp\u00eetkirina xelek\u00ean ku veqet\u00een l\u00ea hatiye jiyandin, merca bingeh\u00een a tesp\u00eetkirina bi rast\u00ee ya pirsgir\u00eak\u00ea ye. Ji bo f\u00eamkirina \u00eero p\u00eadiv\u00ee bi danandina rast\u00ea ya p\u00eavajoy\u00ean p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fby\u00eena d\u00eerok\u00ee \u00fb aver\u00eab\u00fbn\u00ean ku di domahiya van p\u00eavajoyan de hatine jiyandin heye. Tev\u00ee v\u00ea yek\u00ea em d\u00ea hewl bidin p\u00ea\u015fniyar\u00ean \u00e7areser\u00ee y\u00ean derketina Rojhilata Nav\u00een a ji kaosa ku \u00eero dij\u00ee, l\u00eager\u00een\u00ean di qada aboriy\u00ea de \u00fb tecr\u00fbbeyan bidin. Bi v\u00ea re t\u00eakildar di be\u015fa yekem\u00een a niv\u00eesa me de p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fby\u00een \u00fb pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean aboriya li Rojhilata Nav\u00een, be\u015fa duyem\u00een de j\u00ee em d\u00ea rew\u015fa ku di sedsala daw\u00ee de hatiye jiyandin \u00fb r\u00ea \u00fb r\u00eabaz\u00ean \u00e7areser\u00ee ya j\u00eaderbasb\u00fbna v\u00ea rew\u015f\u00ea esas bigrin.<\/p>\n

Hilhatina Aboriy\u00ea<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rojhilata Nav\u00een, ( di taybetiy\u00ea de Mezopotamya) day\u00eekni\u015ft\u00eemana p\u00ea\u015f\u00een a fealiyeta ku em dikarin bib\u00eajin abor\u00ee ye. \u00can p\u00ea\u015f\u00een her tim \u00ean li d\u00fb xwe diyar dikin. Ango r\u00eagez\u00ean p\u00eakhatina p\u00ea\u015f\u00een; bi dem\u00ea re bi mudaxileyan d\u00fb\u00e7ar\u00ea xerab\u00fbn\u00ea hatibe j\u00ee \u015fop\u00ean rew\u015fa wekb\u00fbna \u015fanekok\u00ea hil digre. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea di p\u00ea\u015fvebirina \u00e7areseriy\u00ea de her tim r\u00ean\u00ee\u015faner\u00ean p\u00eawist in.<\/p>\n

Tesp\u00eeta bingeh\u00een a ku di l\u00eakol\u00een\u00ean d\u00eerok\u00ee y\u00ean hatine kirin de der ketiye hol\u00ea; fealiyeta p\u00ea\u015f\u00een a ku em dikarin bib\u00eajin abor\u00ee ye di p\u00eavajoya civak\u00eetiy\u00ea ku li hawirdora jin\u00ea bip\u00ea\u015f ketiye de hilb\u00fbye. (1) Bi derbaseya jiyana d\u00eaman\u00ee, p\u00eakan\u00eena hilber\u00eena t\u00eakildar\u00ea \u00e7and\u00eeniy\u00ea \u00fb ked\u00eekirina garan \u00fb keriy\u00ean ajalan re civak bi \u201chilber\u00eena z\u00eadek\u201d re hevnas dibe. B\u00ea \u015fik ev ji bo mirov\u00ean ku heta w\u00ea roj\u00ea p\u00eagirtiy\u00ea xwezay\u00ea dijiyan p\u00eeroz e, di \u00e7awaniya \u015fore\u015f\u00ea de ye. Ger em aboriy\u00ea, wek tevahiya p\u00eavajo \u00fb kar\u00ean derbar\u00ea str\u00een, parastin \u00fb xwed\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ea ku ji bo berdewamkirina jiyan\u00ea p\u00eawist in ter\u00eef bikin bi jin\u00ea re b\u00fby\u00eena p\u00ea\u015fnegtiya v\u00ea fealiyet\u00ea fehmbar e. Hesta berpirsiyar\u00ee \u00fb t\u00eakiliya ku jin\u00ea bi zarok\u00ean xwe re daniye \u00e7awa ku di te\u015fegirtina t\u00eakiliy\u00ean civak\u00ee de r\u00ean\u00ee\u015faner e, p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbna aboriy\u00ea ku yek ji par\u00e7eya p\u00eawist a jiyana civak\u00ee ye j\u00ee diyar dike. Exlaq, heqaniyet wek r\u00eageza jiyan\u00ea ya her\u00ee bingeh\u00een di v\u00ea heyam\u00ea de p\u00ea\u015f dikeve \u00fb te\u015fey\u00ea digre. Jiyana civak\u00ee li dor nirx\u00ean diyar de bi r\u00eaxistin dibe, mahina di civak\u00ea de qeb\u00fblkirina jiy\u00eena di \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya van nirxan de p\u00eawist dike. Merca k\u00eamtir\u00een a bi hev re b\u00fbn\u00ea dibe qeb\u00fblkirina jiy\u00eena li gor p\u00eevana exlaq\u00ee ku pergala hevpar a ku civak\u00ea qeb\u00fbl kiriye ye. Exlaq di esas\u00ea xwe de x\u00fbxwe\u015fikb\u00fbniy\u00ea, r\u00eazdariya ji maf\u00ea hev \u00fb din re, ba\u015fiy\u00ea \u00fb faz\u00eeletiy\u00ea \u00eefade dike. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea di te\u015fegirtina p\u00ea\u015f\u00een a aboriy\u00ea de exlaqa ku r\u00eageza bingeh\u00een a civak\u00eetiy\u00ea ye, nirxa diyarker a bingeh\u00een e. M\u00eenak, li berhevkirina bera z\u00eadek bi \u00e7av\u00ea ba\u015f nay\u00ea nih\u00eartin; wek \u00e7avkaniya xerabiy\u00ea t\u00ea d\u00eetin, bi meras\u00eem\u00ean cur bi cur, bi diyariyan p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee li berhevkirin\u00ea t\u00ea girtin. Aboriya diyar\u00ee ku fealiyeta abor\u00ee ya p\u00ea\u015f\u00een e j\u00ee di v\u00ea p\u00eavajoy\u00ea de p\u00ea\u015f dikeve. Tev\u00ee ku di v\u00ea mijar\u00ea de n\u00ear\u00een\u00ean cuda hene j\u00ee li gor min derketina hol\u00ea ya bera-z\u00eadek \u00fb belavkirina v\u00ea ya bi r\u00eaya diyariy\u00ea wek fealiyeta p\u00ea\u015f\u00een a aboriy\u00ea qeb\u00fblkirin tesp\u00eetek b\u00eahtir di cih de ye.(2) Lewre abor\u00ee tevahiya p\u00eavajo \u00fb kirariyan ku hilber\u00een, mezaxtin \u00fb ji hilber\u00een\u00ea dir\u00eaj\u00ee mezaxtin\u00ea dibe \u00eefade dike. Di v\u00ea heyam\u00ea de mirov hilber\u00een\u00ean xwe bi \u015fert\u00ea mezaxtina di nav hevbandoriya bigerew de didin hev \u00fb dist\u00eenin. Ev dahina mal\u00ean bigerew ne bi r\u00eabaza pevguhartin\u00ea ye, r\u00eabaza diyariy\u00ea ye. Ango ya ku nirxa bikaran\u00een\u00ea tekane p\u00eevana nirx\u00ea ye; wek n\u00ee\u015fandereke nirxdahina ya\/\u00ea hember xwe bi r\u00eaya diyariy\u00ea kirariyeke guhertina dest ku ji hilber\u00eener derbas\u00ea mezaxker dibe heye. \u00c7ima bila ev heyam nebe destp\u00eaka aboriy\u00ea? Aboriy\u00ea ten\u00ea di p\u00eavajoya ku nirxa guher\u00een\u00ea dest p\u00ea kiriye de destp\u00eakirin, t\u00ea wateya tunehesibandina v\u00ea p\u00eavajoya ku li dorh\u00eala jin\u00ea bi p\u00ea\u015f ketiye.(3) l\u00ea vegerandina aboriy\u00ea ya bi ten\u00ea li bazar\u00ea, wek tevahiya p\u00eavajo \u00fb kirariyan ku hev temam dikin negirtina dest rew\u015feke \u015felip\u00eener e.<\/p>\n

B\u00ea \u015fik ge\u015feb\u00fbna bazaran ji bo fealiyet\u00ean aboriy\u00ea b\u00eahtir r\u00ea li ber bir\u00eaxistin\u00ee, bipergal \u00fb zind\u00eeb\u00fbniy\u00ea ve dike. T\u00eakiliy\u00ean civak\u00ea derawayeke n\u00fb bi dest dix\u00eene. Bi birin \u00fb an\u00eena mal a cih\u00ean d\u00fbr re hevbandoriya \u00e7andan t\u00ea jiyandin. Bazirganiya ku qadeke n\u00fb ya kar e, ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea bazirgantiya ku \u00e7\u00eeneke n\u00fb ye bip\u00ea\u015f dikeve. Ev di heman dem\u00ea de heyama pergala bavikaniy\u00ea ku her ku \u00e7\u00fbye bip\u00ea\u015f ketiye-dest bi saz\u00eeb\u00fbniy\u00ea kiriye ye. Ji ber faktor\u00ean wek birina mal a dervey\u00ee cih\u00ea cihni\u015f\u00een\u00ea, mecb\u00fbr\u00eetiya d\u00fbrmahina heyamek dir\u00eaj a ji cih\u00ea cihni\u015f\u00een\u00ea di \u015f\u00eawegirtina bazar\u00ea de jin z\u00eade rol\u00ea nagrin. Di diyarkirina xisleta bingeh\u00een a bazar\u00ee de \u00e7anda n\u00ea\u00e7\u00eervan-m\u00ear\u00ee b\u00eahtir diyarker dibe. Ger jin\u00ea di ge\u015feb\u00fby\u00een\u00ee heta dawiya v\u00ea p\u00eavajoy\u00ea de cih bigirtana, b\u00ea \u015fik \u015fekilgirtina bazar\u00ea ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea j\u00ee ya aboriy\u00ea d\u00ea seyreke din bigirtana.<\/p>\n

Em dikarin bib\u00eajin ku di p\u00eavajoya ku heta roja me ya \u00eero hatiye de j\u00ee qada ku jin li dervey\u00ee fealiyeta aboriy\u00ea mahiye, diyarker neb\u00fbye qada bazar\u00ea ye. B\u00ea \u015fik bazar ten\u00ea ne di taybetiya cih\u00ean ku mal l\u00ea t\u00ean girtin \u00fb firotin de ne; taybetiya cih\u00ea ku nirxa ked\u00ea l\u00ea t\u00ea diyarkirin j\u00ee digre. Ango dikeve rew\u015fa cih\u00ea biryardahina ser ked\u00ea \u00fb derxistina rast\u00ea ya \u00eeradeya azad. Di bazar\u00ea de negirtina jin\u00ea ya rola kar\u00eeger dibe sedema encam\u00ea ya wendakirina h\u00eaza biryargirtin\u00ea \u00fb wendakirina melekeya vegotin\u00ea ya li ser keda w\u00ea. Bi \u00eefadeyek din p\u00eavajoya biyan\u00eeb\u00fbna keda w\u00ea li ser v\u00ea qad\u00ea bi p\u00ea\u015f dikeve \u00fb k\u00fbr dibe.<\/p>\n

Her \u00e7iqas bazar, di destp\u00eak\u00ea de di diyarb\u00fbniya bingeh\u00een a p\u00eevana exlaqa civak\u00ee de bi p\u00ea\u015f ketibe j\u00ee ji p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbn\u00ean ku hatin jiyandin de p\u00eakan e were d\u00eetin ku her ku \u00e7\u00fbye \u00e7anda m\u00ear\u00ea-n\u00ea\u00e7\u00eervan di diyarkirina zagon\u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00ean bazar\u00ea de bandorker b\u00fbye. Bi taybet\u00ee bi heyama kap\u00eetal\u00eest bavkan\u00ee re bazar, hema hema t\u00ea asta ku ji sedem\u00ean b\u00fby\u00eena xwe re ters bikeve, cih\u00ea v\u00ea zagon\u00ean talana ked-xwezay\u00ea, diz\u00eekirin \u00fb xespkirin digre. Qet \u015fik n\u00eene ku sedema tekane diyarkeriya \u00e7anda bavkan\u00ee ku pi\u015fta xwe dahiye \u00e7anda jin\u00ea r\u00ea li ber \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbna v\u00ea encam\u00ea ve kiriye. F. Bra\u00fbdel v\u00ea rew\u015fa kap\u00eetal\u00eem\u00ea wek, \u201cdijberiya bazar\u201d(4) dat\u00eene ber \u00e7av.<\/p>\n

Ancax div\u00ea were destn\u00ee\u015fankirin ku, \u00e7anda n\u00ea\u00e7\u00eervan-m\u00ear\u00ee di te\u015fegirtina bazar\u00ea de serdest be j\u00ee, nirx\u00ean civak\u00ee ku heyameke dir\u00eaj bi \u00e7anda jin\u00ea te\u015fe girtine, di t\u00eakiliy\u00ean bazar\u00ea de dibin diyarker. M\u00eenak, r\u00eageza exlaq\u00ee wek nirxeke bingeh\u00een sal\u00ean dir\u00eaj di v\u00ea qad\u00ea de rola dab\u00eenkeriya edalet\u00ea dil\u00eeze. Di hewldan\u00ean wek diz\u00ee, xeso \u00fb talan\u00ea de p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee li p\u00ea\u015fketina rapiriyan digre. Qet nebe wek mekan\u00eezmayeke \u00e7ewis\u00eener\u00ee \u00fb frenkiriyiy\u00ea karg\u00eeniy\u00ea dib\u00eene.<\/p>\n

Tesp\u00eeta A.Ocalan\u00ee ya \u201cPirsgir\u00eaka aboriy\u00ea wek esas\u00ee bi vederkirina jin\u00ea ya ji aboriy\u00ea dest p\u00ea dike\u201d(5) xala bingeh\u00een a pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean ku di qada aboriy\u00ea de t\u00ean jiyandin \u00ee\u015faret dike. A rast jin ne ji hem\u00fb p\u00eavajoy\u00ean aboriy\u00ea, ji bazara ku di rew\u015fa diyarkera bingeh\u00een a fealiyeta aboriy\u00ea de ye hatiye vederkirin. Ango jin ji qada biryargitina bingeh\u00een ku nirxa ked\u00ea t\u00ea tesp\u00eetkirin hatiye vederkirin. Melekeya vegotin\u00ea ya li ser keda xwe wenda kiriye.<\/p>\n

Ji h\u00eala m\u00ear\u00ea n\u00ea\u00e7\u00eervan ve xesp \u00fb talankirina aboriya bi tewereya jin\u00ea<\/strong><\/p>\n

Derketina bera z\u00eadek di heman dem\u00ea de bi xwe re b\u00fbyer\u00ean talan \u00fb xesp\u00ea y\u00ean p\u00ea\u015f\u00een, sepan\u00ean kolekirin \u00fb kedxwariy\u00ea aniye. Encam\u00ean ku ji xebat\u00ean ku hatine kirin der ketine; di nijd\u00ean talan\u00ea ku ji bo bera-z\u00eadek li ser gund\u00ean c\u00eeran p\u00eak dihatin de m\u00ear dihatin ku\u015ftin, jin bi mebesta zewac\u00ea hatine revandin. (6) \u00c7awa ku m\u00ear\u00ea n\u00ea\u00e7\u00eervan tecr\u00fbbeya xwe ya \u2018zor\u00ea\u2019 bi armanca xespkirina bera z\u00eadek bi dest bix\u00eene dixebit\u00eene, bi armanca dest dahina ser h\u00eaza ked \u00fb z\u00eadeb\u00fbna jin\u00ea j\u00ee dixebit\u00eene. Tecr\u00fbbeya xwe ya kem\u00een dan\u00een, h\u00eelekirin, \u00ear\u00ee\u015fkirin, ku\u015ftin \u00fb dest dahina ser ber\u00ea ya ji bo n\u00ea\u00e7\u00eerkirin\u00ea, di bidestxistina bera z\u00eadek \u00fb ji n\u00fb ve avakirina t\u00eakiliy\u00ean civak\u00ee de j\u00ee dixebit\u00eene. Di v\u00ea watey\u00ea de ya ku cara p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee hatiye kolekirin \u00fb rew\u015fa \u201ckedxwartiy\u00ea\u201d l\u00ea hatiye jin e. Em ji seyra p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fby\u00eena d\u00eerok\u00ea dib\u00eenin ku pi\u015ft\u00ee v\u00ea ast\u00ea p\u00ea ve her roja ku di\u00e7e nirx\u00ean civak\u00ee ku jin\u00ea bi p\u00ea\u015f xistine hinek d\u00eetir ji cewhera xwe t\u00ean valakirin \u00fb di k\u00fbrkirina pergala kedxwar\u00ee ya bavkaniy\u00ea de t\u00ea bikaran\u00een. Pergala bavkan\u00ee nirx\u00ean jin\u00ea li hember jin\u00ea wek \u00e7ekeke berepa\u015fk\u00ee t\u00ea bikaran\u00een. M\u00eenak; abor\u00ee di cewhera xwe de tevahiya fealiyet\u00ean ku r\u00eet\u00fbel\u00ean kirina bi hev re ya pi\u015ftgir\u00ee, parvekirin, nirx\u00ean komunal, kolekt\u00eef \u00ean civak\u00ea vedihew\u00eenin wer digre, pergala kap\u00eetal\u00eest-bavkan\u00ee talan, desteserkirin, kedxwar\u00ee, pawankirin \u00fb dawiy\u00ea tev\u00ee asta modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest hatiye asteke ku nirx\u00ean civak\u00ea ji hol\u00ea ra dike \u00fb her ti\u015ft\u00ee bi takekesiy\u00ea rave dike. Div\u00ea were destn\u00ee\u015fankirin ku, Karl Marx bi xwe j\u00ee di anal\u00eeza kedxwariy\u00ea de pergala bavkaniy\u00ea nab\u00eene \u00fb ter\u00eefkirina ked-nirx\u00ea bi \u2018k\u00eal\u00ee\u2019 \u00fb takekes\u00ee\/\u00ea re s\u00eenordar digre \u00fb bi w\u00ea away\u00ea dikeve heman kem\u00een\u00ea.(7) Ev rew\u015f dibe sedema bi\u015ftguhkirina taybetiya civak\u00ee ya aboriy\u00ea ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea kedxwariya ked\u00ea ten\u00ea t\u00eene ser t\u00eakiliya karker-patron\u00ee \u00fb r\u00ea li ber ve\u015fartina w\u00ea ve dike.<\/p>\n

Pergala bavkaniy\u00ea, p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee bi desteserkirina bedena jin\u00ea pi\u015ft re j\u00ee bi desteserkirina keda \u00a0w\u00ea bip\u00ea\u015f ketiye. Dema tevahiya van sepanan p\u00eak aniye j\u00ee jin\u00ea, ji nirx\u00ean w\u00ea y\u00ean ku \u00e7avkaniy\u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00ean h\u00eazgirtina w\u00ea ne \u00eezole kiriye \u00fb p\u00eakan\u00eena bi w\u00ea away\u00ea esas girtiye. H\u00eaza her\u00ee mezin a jin\u00ea b\u00ea \u015fik nirx\u00ean civakb\u00fbniy\u00ea \u00fb y\u00ean ku ji civak\u00ea re dahine bi destxistin e. Di mal\u00ea de girtina jin\u00ea ya bi r\u00eaya zewac\u00ea r\u00eabaza her\u00ee encamgirt\u00ee \u00fb bandorker e ku h\u00eaza ku ji civakb\u00fbniy\u00ea dihatin ji dest w\u00ea girtiye. Her mal di heman dem\u00ea de wateya jin\u00ea ji jineke din \u00eezolekirin \u00fb ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee l\u00eagirtina veguhastin\u00ea ya li hev a tecr\u00fbbeyan hil girtiye. Ev rew\u015f r\u00ea li ber lewaz\u00ee \u00fb b\u00eapar\u00eaziya jin\u00ea ya hember pergala bavkan\u00ee ku bi her cure r\u00eabaz \u00fb saz\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ean \u201czor\u201d\u00ea bir\u00eaxistin b\u00fbye ve dike.<\/p>\n

Wek\u00ee gelek l\u00eakol\u00eenan j\u00ee derxistiye hol\u00ea pergala bavkaniy\u00ea pergala kedxwar\u00ee \u00fb serweriya ku li ser jin\u00ea bi p\u00ea\u015f ve xistiye wek r\u00eabazeke girtina bin serweriy\u00ea ya be\u015f\u00ean cuda y\u00ean civak\u00ea \u015fopandiye. (8) bi berterefkirin \u00fb destdahina ser keda \u00e7\u00eaker \u00fb berdewamker\u00ean rast\u00een \u00ean aboriy\u00ea, pergaleke kedxwariy\u00ea ya spartiya talan \u00fb xesp\u00ea hatiye bip\u00ea\u015fxistin. \u201cPi\u015ft\u00ee jin\u00ea di ser\u00ee de cotkar \u015fivan, p\u00ee\u015fekar \u00fb bazirgan\u00ean bi\u00e7\u00fbk ku bi aboriya rast\u00een re eleqedar dib\u00fbn j\u00ee ji h\u00eala am\u00fbr\u00ean pawana sermiyan \u00fb desthilatiy\u00ea ve gav bi gav ji aboriy\u00ea hatine vederkirin \u00fb tam derdoreke xen\u00eemet\u00ea hatiye \u00e7\u00eakirin\u201d.(9)<\/p>\n

Hem\u00fb vesazb\u00fbn\u00ean saziy\u00ee \u00fb t\u00eakiliy\u00ean bi naveroka kedxwar\u00ee, desthilatiy\u00ee \u00fb hiyerar\u015f\u00eek\u00ee ku li ser civak\u00ea t\u00ea bip\u00ea\u015fxistin ji tecr\u00fbbeya m\u00eatingehkirin\u00ea ku ji ser xweza \u00fb jin\u00ea hat<\/p>\n

hatiye p\u00ea\u015fxistin hatiye l\u00eaan\u00een. \u00c7awa ku m\u00ear\u00ee xwe wek efendiy\u00ea jin\u00ea d\u00eetiye \u00fb jin\u00ea bi her h\u00eal\u00ee ve aniye rew\u015fa m\u00eatingehiya xwe desthilatiya-bidewlet\u00ea j\u00ee civak\u00ea bi heman away\u00ea girtiye dest \u00fb n\u00eaz\u00eekah\u00eetiya xwe ya serwer\u00eekariy\u00ea l\u00ea ferz kiriye. Ji t\u00eakiliya efend\u00ee-kole, axa-m\u00eareba heta t\u00eakiliya patron-karkeran ev t\u00eakiliya serwer\u00eekar berdewam dike. Bi modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest re neteweya\u00a0 serwer, li netewey\u00ean dervey\u00ee xwe heman t\u00eakiliy\u00ea ferz dike. Dema desthilat\u00ee, t\u00eakil\u00ee \u00fb qada xwe ya serweriy\u00ea bi p\u00ea\u015f dix\u00eene qada aboriy\u00ea digre navenda xwe, bi t\u00eakiliya xwe ya kedxwariy\u00ea ku di v\u00ea qad\u00ea de bi p\u00ea\u015f xistiye hewl dide t\u00eakiliy\u00ean civak\u00ee bide \u015f\u00eawandin. Di heman dem\u00ea de bi v\u00ea r\u00eay\u00ea t\u00eakiliyeke ku berdewamkirina pergala kedxwariy\u00ea ya li ser aboriy\u00ea esas digre bi p\u00ea\u015f dix\u00eene.<\/p>\n

Her kedxwar\u00ee bi naveroka zor\u00ea ye<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201cDanheveke-z\u00eade ya civak\u00ee ku zor\u00ea venehew\u00eene tune ye\u201d (10) Bi v\u00ea re t\u00eakildar desthilat\u00ee, bi armanca kedxwariy\u00ea or\u00ea wek am\u00fbreke bingeh\u00een dixebit\u00eene. Em li \u015fer\u00ean ku di domahiya d\u00eeroka \u015faristaniy\u00ea de hatine jiyandin\u00a0 bin\u00earin di rastiya xwe de ji bil\u00ee \u015fer\u00ean talana ku ji bo desteserkirina bera z\u00eadek \u00fb y\u00ean kes\u00ean ku li hember v\u00ea li ber xwe didin p\u00ea ve ne ti\u015ftek in. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea her welat\u00ee gihandina art\u00ea\u015f\u00ean mezin \u00fb p\u00ea\u015fik\u00ee dahina p\u00eadiviy\u00ean \u015fer\u00ee esas girtine. P\u00eavajoya \u015faristaniy\u00ea bi r\u00eajeyeke mezin d\u00eeroka xesp \u00fb talan\u00ea ye. P\u00eavajoya \u015feran a wek dagirkirina xak\u00ean b\u00eahtir berdar, \u015fer\u00ean talan\u00ea ku ji bo desteserkirina dewlemendiya wan a sererd \u00fb binerd hatine kirin ji Akadiyan heta As\u00fbriyan, ji Bab\u00eeliyan heta sefer\u00ean Xa\u00e7perestan, ji vegirtina Mogolan heta \u015fer\u00ean c\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ean 1.-2. \u00fb heta \u015fer\u00ea Dinya y\u00ea 3. ku \u00eero em li Rojhilata Nav\u00een dij\u00een bi heman armanc\u00ea hatine kirin. Mixabin ku li Rojhilata Nav\u00eena ku em b\u00fbne \u015fahid\u00ea \u00e7\u00eab\u00fbna p\u00ea\u015f\u00een a civaka aboriy\u00ea \u015ferek\u00ee kedxwariy\u00ea ya ku b\u00ea navber di dused sal\u00ean daw\u00ee de didome t\u00ea jiyandin.<\/p>\n

Dagirkirina Rojhilata Nav\u00een a Kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tevgera dagirkirina Rojhilata Nav\u00een a Modern\u00eeteya Kap\u00eetal\u00eest li gor hem\u00fb heyaman b\u00eahtir z\u00eade r\u00fbx\u00eener \u00fb w\u00earankar b\u00fbye. \u00car\u00ee\u015f\u00ean Modern\u00eeteya Kap\u00eetal\u00eest ten\u00ea desteserkirina bera z\u00eadek nekudirandine di heman dem\u00ea de dagirkirina z\u00eehnan j\u00ee hedef girtiye \u00fb hema hema civak\u00ea mank\u00fbrt kiriye \u00fb an\u00eena w\u00ee ya poz\u00eesyona ku ji heb\u00fbna xwe bireve armanc girtiye. Gir\u00eadana ku bi nirx\u00ean civak\u00ea \u00fb \u00e7anda ku heb\u00fbna civak\u00ee dab\u00een dike re daniye bi fikra poz\u00eet\u00eev\u00eest \u00fb oryantal\u00eezm\u00ea lawaz kiriye, bi porpagandaya takekes\u00eetiy\u00ea lawazkirina r\u00eaxistiniya civak\u00ea ji xwe re kiriye armanc. Bi v\u00ea away\u00ea kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea, hem fikra ku gel nikarin xwe bi xwe bir\u00eave bibin belav kiriye, \u00eeradeya r\u00eavebirin\u00ea ji dest\u00ea wan girtiye hem j\u00ee r\u00eaya talankirina aboriya welat\u00ee ve kiriye.<\/p>\n

Modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest ku bi qilfa netew dewlet\u00ee hatiye ser xak\u00ean ku beriya bi hezaran salan vir ve \u015faristan\u00ee l\u00ea bip\u00ea\u015f ketiye bi mebesta ku gel\u00ea her\u00eam\u00ea ne di qab\u00eeliyeta xwer\u00eavebirin\u00ea de ye bi rej\u00eema dagirker\u00ee \u00fb mandakariy\u00ea n\u00eeveka p\u00ea\u015f\u00een a sedsala daw\u00ee derbas kiriye. Erdn\u00eegariya Rojhilata Nav\u00een ku \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea Yekem\u00een bi r\u00eajeyek mezin \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea Duyem\u00een j\u00ee bi qismek derbas b\u00fbye \u00eero \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea s\u00eeyem\u00een bi hem\u00fb giraniya w\u00ea ve dij\u00ee. Di sal\u00ean daw\u00ee de ku neteweperwer\u00ee, olperest\u00ee, zayend\u00eepar\u00eaz\u00ee di asta her\u00ee jor de t\u00ea f\u00eetkirin \u00fb \u015fer\u00ean navdewlet\u00ee r\u00eajeyek mezin li \u015fer\u00ean navbera gelan, koman \u00fb baweriyan t\u00ea vegerandin, pergal\u00ean kedxwariy\u00ea b\u00eahtir z\u00eade k\u00fbr b\u00fbne. Dewlet\u00ean emperyal\u00eest ku bertek\u00ean li hember r\u00fbxandina ku dagirkeriya emperyal\u00eest li her\u00eam\u00ea \u00e7\u00ea kiriye bip\u00ea\u015f ketine bir\u00eaxistin dikin, man\u00eepule dikin \u00fb bi v\u00ea r\u00ea dixwazin teraz\u00ean her\u00eam\u00ea di bereka armanca xwe de bidin \u015f\u00eawandin, bi navbeynkariya van r\u00eaxistinan li her\u00eam\u00ea \u015feran didom\u00eenin. El-Ka\u00eedeya ku li hember Yek\u00eetiya Sovyet\u00ea hatiye p\u00eakan\u00een, DA\u00ce\u015e\u2019a ku ji bo p\u00eakan\u00eena PRNM\u2019\u00ea (Projeya Rojhilata Nav\u00een a Mezin) di asta her\u00ee jor de n\u00fbnertiya neteweperweriy\u00ea, olperestiy\u00ea, zayendpar\u00eaziy\u00ea dike ten\u00ea \u00e7end heb\u00ean ji vana ne.(11)<\/p>\n

Reha Civak\u00ea ya Berxwed\u00ear; Tevger\u00ean Komunal \u00ean Demokrat\u00eek<\/strong><\/p>\n

B\u00ea \u015fik li erdn\u00eegariya Rojhilata Nav\u00een ku \u015fore\u015fa neolot\u00eek hatiye jiyandin di domahiya p\u00eavajoya d\u00eerok\u00ee de, tevger\u00ean civak\u00ee y\u00ean spartiya jiyana komunal, pi\u015ftgir\u00eet\u00ee, parvekar\u00ee \u00fb hilber\u00een\u00ea tim heb\u00fbne. Ev tevger\u00ean berxwed\u00ear\u00ee j\u00ee li hember sepan\u00ean emperyal\u00eest ku pergala kedxwar\u00ee ya bavkaniy\u00ea kiriye navend\u00ee \u00fb k\u00fbr kiriye bi awayek\u00ee berbelav der ketine. Ev tevger\u00ean ku di p\u00ea\u015fengtiya make\u00e7andiy\u00ea de te\u015fey\u00ea girtine jiyandina taybetmendiy\u00ean civaka xwezay\u00ee, di v\u00ea tewerey\u00ea de vesazb\u00fbneke aboriy\u00ea hedef girtine \u00fb hinek ji wan bi sedan salan bi bandor b\u00fbne nabe ku b\u00ea gotin \u00eero bandora wan li ser jiyana civak\u00ee tune ye. Her \u00e7iqas Man\u00eezm, Mazdek\u00eezm (12)Hurem\u00eez\u00eem(13), Babek\u00eesyan\u00ee(14), Xaric\u00ee, Karmat\u00ee(15), Tevgera Zen\u00e7, tevgera \u015e\u00eax Bedrett\u00een li cih\u00ean cuda, di p\u00ea\u015fengtiya r\u00eabertiy\u00ean cuda de der ketibin j\u00ee hinek ji wan tevgeran in ku di esas\u00ea xwe de nirx\u00ean jiyana komunal\u00ee, azad\u00eexwaz\u00ee \u00fb wekhev\u00eexwaziy\u00ea dipar\u00eazin. Di van tevgeran de ku di bingeha jiyana komunal\u00ee de li ser diyardeya hilber\u00een \u00fb mezaxa m\u00earebay\u00ee hatiye sekinandin, jin di civak\u00ea de rola diyarker dil\u00eezin. Dema saz\u00eeb\u00fbniy\u00ean ku pergala bavkaniy\u00ea di v\u00ea serdem\u00ea de jiyaye were fikir\u00eendi van tevgeran de di asta wekheviy\u00ea de li dest girtina jin\u00ea gelek p\u00eawist e. Tevegra Hurem\u00eezm\u00ea ya di p\u00ea\u015fengtiya jin\u00ea de \u00fb bib\u00eeran\u00eena bi nav\u00ea w\u00ea ya h\u00ea j\u00ee bi h\u00eazdariya v\u00ea kevne\u015fopiy\u00ea ve eleqedar e. B\u00ea \u015fik ya ku her\u00ee z\u00eade pergala kedxwar\u00eekar a bavkaniya serwer dide tirsandin helwesta azad\u00eexwaz a di t\u00eakiliya jin\u00ea-m\u00ear\u00ee de \u00fb \u015f\u00eawaza jiyana komunal dibe. Ji bo k\u00eamkirina bandora v\u00ea ya li ser hem\u00fb civak\u00ea pergala serwer xebat\u00ean xwe y\u00ean b\u00ea\u00eetibarkirin\u00ea wek r\u00eabazeke \u015fer\u00ea taybet tim xebitandiye. Ev propagandaya re\u015f di roja me de j\u00ee bi r\u00eabaz\u00ean manend li hember parastvan\u00ean nirx\u00ean jiyana \u015fore\u015f\u00ee bi heman \u015f\u00eawey\u00ee t\u00ea domandin.<\/p>\n

\u015eer\u00ea kedxwar\u00ee ya kap\u00eetal\u00eest ku li sedsalan belav b\u00fbye ji ber v\u00ea berxwedana \u00e7anda civak\u00ee ye. Ev xaka ku cara p\u00ea\u015f\u00een \u015faristan\u00ee li ser w\u00ea \u00e7\u00ea b\u00fbye h\u00ea j\u00ee di w\u00ea taybetmendiy\u00ea de ye ku nirx\u00ean civak\u00ee y\u00ean \u015fore\u015fa neolot\u00eek bide jiyandin. Ev nirx di heman dem\u00ea de di \u00e7awaniya xweparstina civak\u00ea de ye \u00fb bandora Modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest ku ji bo talankirina her\u00eam\u00ea ya bi zagona kar a z\u00eadetir\u00een ser\u00ee li her cure r\u00ea-r\u00eabaz\u00ea dide di\u015fk\u00eene. Modern\u00eeteya kap\u00eetal\u00eest ji ber v\u00ea away\u00ea ne ten\u00ea bi zora b\u00eate\u015fe, di heman dem\u00ea de bi armanca dagirkirina zihnan bi \u00eedeolojiya xwe j\u00ee her\u00eam\u00ea hedef girtiye. Hay j\u00ea heye ku kedxwariya k\u00fbr, ten\u00ea dikare bi girse \u00fb r\u00eaveber\u00ean ku navend\u00ean kap\u00eetal\u00eest ji xwe re kirine q\u00eeblegeh bide dab\u00eenkirin. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea ne ten\u00ea dagirkirina abor\u00ee di heman dem\u00ea de dagirkirina zihnan j\u00ee paralel dime\u015f\u00eene.<\/p>\n

Di Sedsala Daw\u00ee De Vesazb\u00fbna Abor\u00ee Ya Rojhilata Nav\u00een<\/strong><\/p>\n

Erdn\u00eegariya Rojhilata Nav\u00een ku bi sedansalan di serweriya dewleta Osmaniyan de mahiye heta \u015fer\u00ea c\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea yekem\u00een bi pergala eyalet\u00ea t\u00ean bir\u00eavebirin \u00fb di h\u00eala abor\u00ee \u00fb r\u00eaveberiy\u00ee de qad\u00ean xweser in. Di v\u00ea watey\u00ea de dervey\u00ee ku avaniya serwerpar\u00eaz a navend\u00ee dest bide ser qismek bera z\u00eadek li ser aboriya xwecih\u00ee bandoreke w\u00ea tune, di aboriy\u00ea de pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean xwecih\u00ee diyarker in. Feraseta Bazar Netewey\u00ee-Aboriya Mil\u00ee, ku netew dewlet\u00ea tekb\u00fbniy\u00ea daniye \u00fb li bingeha hem\u00fb fealiyet\u00ean aboriy\u00ea h\u00eazdarkirina burjuvaziya mil\u00ee daniye heta du sedsal\u00ean daw\u00ee j\u00ee bip\u00ea\u015f neketib\u00fb. Li her\u00eam\u00ea, p\u00eavajoyeke ku fealiyeteke bazirganiy\u00ea ya zind\u00ee b\u00ea ku bi s\u00eenor\u00ean gumrik\u00ea ve as\u00ea bim\u00eene \u00fb zind\u00eeb\u00fbna bazar\u00ean xwecih\u00ee t\u00ea jiyandin.<\/p>\n

Di v\u00ea heyam\u00ea de qada hilber\u00eena bingeh\u00een a aboriy\u00ea gundewar e. Heya destp\u00eaka s.s 20. heta heya n\u00eeveka w\u00ea away\u00ea hilber\u00eena kevne\u015fop a spartey\u00ee \u00e7andin\u00ee \u00fb ajaldariy\u00ea serdestiya xwe didom\u00eene. Di v\u00ea heyam\u00ea de \u201cji %70-80\u2019y\u00ea gelhey\u00ea li dervey\u00ee bajar\u00ean mezin dijiyan \u00fb debara xwe an bi \u00e7and\u00eeniy\u00ea, an bi \u015fivaniy\u00ea an j\u00ee bi kirina van her duyan bi hev re dab\u00een dikirin.\u201d(16) Ji ber ku h\u00eana di \u00e7and\u00eeniy\u00ea de mak\u00eenedarb\u00fbn bi p\u00ea\u015f neketiye qada ku ji \u00e7and\u00eeniy\u00ea re hatiye vekirin s\u00eenordar e \u00fb away\u00ea hilber\u00een\u00ea ne w\u00earanker\u00ea xwezay\u00ea ye. \u00c7anda ji \u015f\u00fbv\u00ea re hi\u015ftina ax\u00ea, encama fikreke civak\u00ee ye ku xweza zind\u00ee ye \u00fb dema ji bo hilber\u00eena z\u00eade zor l\u00ea were kirin d\u00ea b\u00eapertav bim\u00eene, ev ji bo berdewamkirina ahenga bi xwezay\u00ea re sepaneke p\u00eawist e. Dervey\u00ee ax\u00ean ku tejaneya D\u00eecle-Firat\u00ea \u00fb \u00e7em\u00ea N\u00eel\u00ea ji wan derbas dibin, ji ber ku \u00e7and\u00een\u00ee gir\u00eaday\u00ee ava baran\u00ea dihatin kirin merc\u00ean demsal\u00ea li ser hilber\u00een\u00ea xwediy\u00ea bandoreke mezin in. Ji ber xebitandina mak\u00eeney\u00ea ya bi awayek\u00ee berbelav qada ku ji hilber\u00een\u00ea re hatiye vekirin \u00fb hilber\u00eena ku t\u00ea bidestxistin di asteke s\u00eenordar de ye. Hilber\u00een z\u00eadetir bi armanca dahina baca xwe \u00fb mezaxa ji bo p\u00eadiviy\u00ean xwe ye. Ax, bi r\u00eajeyeke z\u00eade di xwed\u00eetiya axay\u00ean ax\u00ea de ye, \u015fixulandina w\u00ea j\u00ee di bingeha t\u00eakiliy\u00ean axa-m\u00earebay\u00ee de an j\u00ee bi r\u00eabaza kir\u00eakirin\u00ea t\u00ea kirin.<\/p>\n

Bi sedsala 19. re di \u00e7andina curey\u00ean bera ku madeya xam a endustriy\u00ea ye z\u00eadeb\u00fbn\u00ee t\u00ea jiyandin. Ev hilber\u00een ji bazara navxwey\u00ee z\u00eadetir bi armanca pergandina p\u00eadiviya madeya xam a welat\u00ean kap\u00eetal\u00eest ku endustr\u00eeb\u00fbniy\u00ea dij\u00een e. M\u00eenak, li welat\u00ean wek Misir \u00fb Tirkiyey\u00ea di hilber\u00eena pemb\u00fby\u00ea de ku ji bo endustriya ra\u00e7andey\u00ea madeya xam a bingeh\u00een e z\u00eadeb\u00fbneke mezin t\u00ea jiyandin. Bi wateya gi\u015ft\u00ee hilber\u00eena \u00e7and\u00een\u00ee ya bi armanca \u00eexrac\u00ea bi awayek\u00ee berbelav t\u00ea kirin. (17)<\/p>\n

P\u00ee\u015fesaz\u00eeb\u00fbn di rew\u015feke gelek s\u00eenordar de ye. P\u00ee\u015fesaziya ku mak\u00eeney\u00ean ku bi h\u00eaza enerjiy\u00ea dixebitin t\u00ean bikaran\u00een di asta fabr\u00eekay\u00ean (pal\u00fbkey\u00ean) bi\u00e7\u00fbk de ye ku piran\u00ee berhem\u00ean arastey\u00ee \u00eexracat\u00ea y\u00ean wek \u015fekir, cixare, tay\u00ea hevr\u00ee\u015fim\u00ea hildiber\u00eenin an j\u00ee ji bo piyaseya hundir berhem\u00ean wek \u00e7\u00eemento, arvan \u00fb b\u00eera hildiber\u00eenin. Hilber\u00eena spartey\u00ea ax\u00ea wek qada hilber\u00eena bingeh\u00eeniy\u00ea didom\u00eene.<\/p>\n

Li Rojhilata Nav\u00een di pa\u015f de mahina jiyana abor\u00ee de \u015fer \u00fb l\u00eakdanan gelek bandora mezin \u00e7\u00ea kirine. Li gelek cih\u00ean her\u00eam\u00ea ji ber l\u00eakdan\u00ean ku di dema \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea \u00fb li d\u00fb w\u00ea hatin jiyandin abor\u00ee t\u00fb\u015f\u00ea zerar\u00ean mezin hatiye. Heta sal\u00ean 1930\u2019an her\u00eam negih\u00ee\u015ftiye asta xwe ya beriya \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea Yekem\u00een. Ev heyam ji ber faktor\u00ean wek mirin\u00ean ku di \u015fer\u00ee de hatin jiyandin, ji cih\u00ea xwe mi\u015fextkirin (R\u00fbm, Ermen\u00ee, Suryan\u00ee) di gelheya Rojhilata Nav\u00een de ketin\u00ean mein t\u00ean jiyandin. Bi \u015fer\u00ee re ji ber girtina m\u00ear\u00ean giha\u015ft\u00ee ji bo art\u00ea\u015f\u00ea \u00fb ji ber wendab\u00fbna bi hezaran kesan a di \u015fer de xebit\u00eena jin \u00fb zarokan a di \u00e7andin\u00ee \u00fb karg\u00eariy\u00ean bi\u00e7\u00fbk de berbelav\u00ee \u00e7\u00ea dike. Bi hinceta p\u00eadiviy\u00ean \u015fer\u00ee ji h\u00eala art\u00ea\u015f\u00ea ve dest li ser berhem\u00ean ku hatine hilberandin t\u00ea dan\u00een. Bir\u00e7\u00eet\u00ee, xizan\u00ee, nexwe\u015f\u00ee \u00fb mirin dibin rew\u015f\u00ean ku bi berbelav\u00ee t\u00ean jiyandin.<\/p>\n

Bi \u015fer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea Yekem\u00een re nex\u015feya siyas\u00ee ya Rojhilata Nav\u00een bi temam\u00ee guher\u00ee. Bi feli\u015f\u00eena \u00eemparatoriya Osman\u00ee re bi parvekirina welat\u00ean emperyal\u00eest a di navbera hev de gelek veavab\u00fbn\u00ean netewe dewletan der ketin hol\u00ea. Ev veavab\u00fbn\u00ean netewe dewletan ne spartey\u00ea bingeh\u00ean d\u00eerok\u00ee \u00fb civak\u00ee ne \u00fb bi r\u00eajeyek z\u00eade bi peymana Sykes-P\u00eecot wek encama parvekirina m\u00eatingeh\u00ee ya di navbera \u00cengilistan \u00fb Fransay\u00ea de \u015fekil digre. Ev welat Tirkiye \u00fb Misir (her \u00e7iqas Misir ne manda be j\u00ee bi navbeynkariya Komisyona Bilind a \u00cengilistan\u00ea dihatin r\u00eavebirin) ne t\u00ea de heyamek dir\u00eaj wek r\u00eaveberiya manda ji h\u00eala Fransa \u00fb \u00cengilistan\u00ea ve raste rast hatin bir\u00eavebirin. Heta n\u00eeveka sedsala 20. r\u00eaveberiya manda wek awayek\u00ee r\u00eaveberiy\u00ea ya berbelav hat sepandin. L\u00ea ji ber tevger\u00ean gel \u00ean ku li hember m\u00eatingeriy\u00ea bi p\u00ea\u015f ketin dev ji \u015f\u00eaweya m\u00eatingeriya klas\u00eek hat berdan \u00fb m\u00eatingeriya heyama n\u00fb li dewrey\u00ea hat dan\u00een. Bi veavab\u00fbn\u00ean netewe-dewletan re avaniya abor\u00ee ya hem\u00fb welatan hat tekt\u00eepkirin \u00fb di xizmeta aboriya welat\u00ean kap\u00eetal\u00ees \u00ean navend\u00ea de hat bikaran\u00een. Bazar\u00ean netewey\u00ee hatin saizy\u00eekirin \u00fb tev bi piyasey\u00ean Londra \u00fb Par\u00ees\u00ea ve hatin gir\u00eadan.<\/p>\n

R\u00fbxandin\u00ean giran \u00ean kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea her\u00ee z\u00eade di \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea Yekem\u00een \u00fb p\u00eavajoya pi\u015ft\u00ee w\u00ea de t\u00ea d\u00eetin. Zagona kar a z\u00eadetir\u00een li ax\u00ea, xwezay\u00ea, mirovan bi kinas\u00ee li hem\u00fb qad\u00ean ku dikare kar\u00ea bidest bix\u00eene t\u00ea sepandin. Ji bo ev bi encamgirtin\u00ee be away\u00ea hilber\u00eena kevne\u015fop \u00fb di t\u00eakiliy\u00ean civak\u00ee de feris\u00een t\u00ea dab\u00eenkirin \u00fb ji n\u00fb ve vesazb\u00fbn t\u00ea te\u015febuskirin. \u00a0Bi armanca z\u00eadekirina hilber\u00eena di \u00e7and\u00eeniy\u00ea de \u00e7and\u00eeniya av\u00een, bikaran\u00eena mak\u00eene \u00fb gubreya s\u00fbn\u00ee t\u00ea bip\u00ea\u015fxistin. Bendav\u00ean wek GAB\u2019\u00ea (Projeya Anadola Ba\u015f\u00fbr-rojhilat) ku li ser \u00e7em\u00ea Firat\u00ea hatiye avakirin \u00fb AS\u00dbAN\u2019a ku li ser \u00e7em\u00ea N\u00eel\u00ea hatiye avakirin projey\u00ean d\u00eawasa ne ku bi armanca avdan\u00ea hatine avakirin. Her \u00e7iqas ji van bendavan di p\u00eavajoy\u00ean p\u00ea\u015f\u00een de bi r\u00eabaza avdan\u00ea di hilber\u00eena \u00e7and\u00een\u00ee de z\u00eadeb\u00fbneke mezin hatibe dab\u00eenkirin j\u00ee pi\u015ft\u00ee demeke \u015f\u00fbn ve ji ber avdana rapir\u00ee di ax\u00ea de xw\u00eab\u00fbn\u00ee hatiye jiyandin \u00fb ax \u015forax b\u00fbne \u00fb hatine rew\u015fa ku ney\u00ean \u00e7andin. Bendav hem di tevna d\u00eerok\u00ee de, hem di guher\u00eena avhewayiy\u00ea de, hem j\u00ee di ko\u00e7berkirina mirovan a ji cih\u00ea wan de r\u00ea li ber gelek ney\u00eeniyan ve kirine. Bi jiyandina mak\u00eeneb\u00fbn\u00ea re ku di \u00e7and\u00eeniy\u00ea de p\u00eak hat b\u00eakarmahina mirov\u00ean ku debara xwe ji ax\u00ea dab\u00een dikirin \u00fb bi armanca kard\u00eetin\u00ea ko\u00e7berb\u00fbna wan a li navend\u00ean bajaran bi xwe re p\u00eavajoya karkerb\u00fbn\u00ea dahiye berbelavkirin. Li navend\u00ean bajaran ji fealiyet\u00ean p\u00ee\u015fesaziya mezin z\u00eadetir \u00eemalatxane-fabr\u00eekay\u00ean bi p\u00eevanek\u00ean bi\u00e7\u00fbk \u00fb nav\u00een ji \u00eestihdamkirina v\u00ea h\u00eaza kar ku bi ko\u00e7\u00ea re hatiye d\u00fbr e. Du welat\u00ean mezin \u00ean her\u00eam\u00ea y\u00ean wek Tirkiye \u00fb Misir j\u00ee \u201cbe\u015fa n\u00eaz\u00ea sed\u00ee 80\u2019y\u00ea gelheya di sala 1950\u2019yan de li qad\u00ean gundewar\u00ee dijiyan, ev r\u00eaje dema hatin sala 1990\u2019\u00ee daketiye binya sed\u00ee 50\u2019y\u00ee.\u201d (18) Ji gundewaran arastey\u00ee bajaran b\u00fbyera ko\u00e7beriyeke evqas berbelav hatiye jiyandin.<\/p>\n

Ko\u00e7berkirina ji qada gundewar ber bi bajaran ve p\u00eavajoyeke ku bi xwe re guher\u00eena binyat\u00ee j\u00ee an\u00ee da destp\u00eakirin. Ji hilber\u00eena spartey\u00ee ax\u00ea veqet\u00een, bi pirsgir\u00eakeke wek an karkerb\u00fbna di qada p\u00ee\u015fesaziy\u00ea de an j\u00ee bi pirsgir\u00eaka b\u00eakarb\u00fbn\u00ea re r\u00fb bir \u00fb mahin j\u00ee bi xwe re an\u00ee. Li qada gundewar pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean ji ber k\u00eamb\u00fbna hilber\u00een\u00ea werin jiyandin j\u00ee pirsgir\u00eaka b\u00eakarb\u00fbn\u00ea tune. Di fealiyet\u00ean ajalkar\u00ee \u00fb \u00e7and\u00eeniy\u00ea de ku bi h\u00eaza mil hilber\u00een t\u00ea kirin kar\u00ean ku her kes li gor temena xwe bike hene. Jin di nav hilber\u00een\u00ea de ciheke p\u00eawist digrin. \u015eemitandina \u00e7avkaniyan a ji qada \u00e7and\u00eeniy\u00ea ber bi \u00eemalatkar\u00ee \u00fb p\u00ee\u015fesaziy\u00ea ve di heman dem\u00ea de r\u00ea li ber belvab\u00fbna vesazb\u00fbn \u00fb nirx\u00ean kevne\u015fop \u00ean civak\u00ea ve dike. Li cih\u00ea civat\u00ean gund ku bi awayek\u00ee n\u00eev komunal\u00ee hildiberandin, pi\u015ftevaniya hev dikirin, parve dikirin, pi\u015ftgir\u00ee didan civat\u00ean bajaran ku c\u00eeran\u00ea xwe y\u00ea der\u00ee j\u00ee nas nakin wek\u00ee girekan dest bi mezinb\u00fbn\u00ea dikin. Bajarb\u00fbn di heman dem\u00ea de t\u00ea wateya co\u015fb\u00fbna ferdpar\u00eaziya kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea ku t\u00ea wateya veqet\u00eena ji civakb\u00fbniy\u00ea. Gotin\u00ean wek \u201cHer mih bi \u00e7\u00eep\u00ea xwe t\u00ea daliqandin\u201d, \u201cmasiy\u00ea mezin masiy\u00ea bi\u00e7\u00fbk dadiqurt\u00eene\u201d, \u201cya\/\u00ea ku go\u015fey\u00ea ba bide kaptan e\u201d wek\u00ee r\u00eagez\u00ean bingeh\u00een \u00ean r\u00ean\u00ee\u015faner \u00ean ferdpar\u00eaziy\u00ea di jiyana perwerdeh\u00ee \u00fb kar de dibe wek r\u00eazika z\u00ear\u00een. R\u00eageza EXLAQ ku r\u00eageza p\u00ea\u015f\u00een \u00fb bingeh\u00een a civakb\u00fbniy\u00ea ye her\u00ee z\u00eade di v\u00ea heyam\u00ea de t\u00fb\u015f\u00ea xerab\u00fbn\u00ea hat kirin. (Ji xwe kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea, dizan\u00ee ku heta v\u00ea neke d\u00ea nikaribe ji xwe re qada jiyan\u00ea bib\u00eene.) Ten\u00ea ger bi r\u00eageza exlaq\u00ea re ku takekesan ji rapiriyan radigre \u00fb di t\u00eakiliya hilber\u00een \u00fb mezax\u00ea de r\u00eaberiy\u00ea dike bileystana \u201czagona gur\u00ee\u201d dikarib\u00fb ji xwe re qada jiyan\u00ea bid\u00eetana<\/p>\n

Her \u00e7iqas bi sal\u00ean 1930\u2019an re qada neft\u00ea ku li Rojhilata Nav\u00een t\u00ea d\u00eetin qelemeke p\u00eawist a dahat\u00ea p\u00eak b\u00eene j\u00ee ger were gotin ku sedema her\u00ee p\u00eawist a \u015fer\u00ean ku \u00eero h\u00ea j\u00ee didomin e d\u00ea tesp\u00eetek di cih de be. Nefta ku di roja me de \u00e7avkaniya enerj\u00ee ya bingeh\u00een e qet \u015fik tune ku \u00e7avkaniyeke dewlemendiy\u00ea ya binerd a her\u00eam\u00ea ye. L\u00ea zerara ku hilber\u00eena rapir dide xwezay\u00ea \u00fb ji her ti\u015ft\u00ee p\u00eawistir \u015fer\u00ea bidestxistina v\u00ea dewlemendiy\u00ea ya h\u00eaz\u00ean emperyal\u00eest her\u00eam\u00ea bi \u015fer\u00ean domdarkir\u00ee re r\u00fb bi r\u00fb hi\u015ftiye. Di bin pawana malbat \u00fb r\u00eaveber\u00ean diyarkir\u00ee de mahina dahat\u00ean neft\u00ea b\u00fbye sedem ku tevahiya gel bi asteke wekhev j\u00ea s\u00fbd\u00ea wer negrin \u00fb di belavkirina dahat\u00ea de b\u00fbye sedema hendef\u00ean cid\u00ee. Li gelek welatan \u00ean wek Ereb\u00eestana S\u00fb\u00fbd\u00ee, Iraq, Kuweyt, Qetar, Bahreyn ku dahata wan a petrol\u00ea bilind e, hilber\u00eena berhem\u00ean jiyan\u00ee \u00fb fealiyet\u00ean p\u00ee\u015fesaziya xwecih\u00ee lawaz mahine, abor\u00ee ji hilber\u00een\u00ea der ketiye, bi dahata ku ji neft\u00ea t\u00ea disp\u00eare \u00eetxalkirina ji derve ya mal\u00ean mezax\u00ea y\u00ean l\u00fbks \u00fb p\u00eadiviy\u00ean jiyan\u00ee. Dahat\u00ean neft\u00ea r\u00ea li ber rew\u015feke dezavantaj a wek veqet\u00eena civak\u00ea ya ji ked\u00ea \u00fb d\u00fbrketina fealiyet\u00ean abor\u00ee y\u00ean rast\u00een ve kiriye. Ger were ferzkirin ku \u00e7avkaniy\u00ean neft\u00ea ne b\u00eadaw\u00ee ne \u00fb di sedsala p\u00ea\u015fiya me de danheviy\u00ean w\u00ea d\u00ea biqedin ji bo civaka Rojhilata Nav\u00een d\u00ea ev \u00e7anda mezax\u00ea ku civak\u00ea ji hilber\u00een \u00fb ked\u00ea veqetandiye bibe felaketek. Her wiha qir\u00eajiya derdor\u00ea ku hilber\u00eena rapir\u00ee \u00e7\u00ea kiriye \u00fb xerakirina w\u00ea ya teraza xwezay\u00ea, ax\u00ean \u00e7olb\u00fby\u00ee, hewaya qir\u00eajb\u00fby\u00ee di rew\u015fa xeterey\u00ean bingeh\u00een ku gef\u00ea li jiyan\u00ea dixwin de ye.<\/p>\n

Sepandina pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean neo-l\u00eeberal \u00ean pi\u015ft\u00ee sal\u00ean 1980\u2019yan r\u00fbxandin\u00ean n\u00fb bi xwe re an\u00een. Bi taybet\u00ee ji ber ku n\u00eazikahiy\u00ean par\u00eazkariya bazara netewey\u00ee ya pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean netewe-dewlet\u00ea li ber tevgera sermayeya k\u00fbrew\u00eeb\u00fby\u00ee dest bi p\u00eakan\u00eena astengiy\u00ea kiriye dahina \u015fer\u00ea prat\u00eekkirina pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean neo-l\u00eeberal \u00fb j\u00eabihartina vesazb\u00fbn\u00ean netewe-dewlet\u00ea p\u00ea hat kirin. \u015eer\u00ea C\u00eehan\u00ea y\u00ea 3. ku \u00eero li Rojhilata Nav\u00een didome di esas\u00ea xwe de \u015fer\u00ea parvekirin\u00ea ya kap\u00eetal\u00eezma neo-l\u00eeberal \u00fb \u015fer\u00ea jiyaneke wekhev-azad-biedalet e ku li hember w\u00ea t\u00ea me\u015fandin. Li v\u00ea her\u00eama ku kap\u00eetal\u00eezm bi rew\u015fa xwe ya her\u00ee bi telp bi cih b\u00fbye bi h\u00easan\u00ee jiyand\u00eetina pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean neo-l\u00eeberal\u00ee nay\u00ea pay\u00een. Pol\u00eet\u00eekay\u00ean ku bi be\u015feke el\u00eet\/bijare y\u00ean r\u00eaveber\u00ean ji jor re t\u00ean me\u015fandin li nirx\u00ean civak\u00ee ku gel\u00ee di \u00e7anda xwe \u00fb jiyana xwe de parastine dikeve, nikare ji xwe re bi h\u00easan\u00ee qad\u00ea bib\u00eene. Rojhilata Nav\u00een, h\u00ea j\u00ee xwediy\u00ea kapas\u00eeteya jiyan \u00fb jiyandina nirx\u00ean \u00e7anda civak\u00ee ya kokdar \u00fb jiyana komunal e. Bi r\u00eabertiyeke rast, tevgereke h\u00eazdar \u00fb bir\u00eaxistinkir\u00ee potansiyela w\u00ea ya ku ji n\u00fb ve jiyan\u00ea bide r\u00eagez\u00ean xweseriya civak\u00ee an j\u00ee der\u00e7\u00fbneke di tay\u00ea rola xwe ya p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee ku di d\u00eerok\u00ea de l\u00eestiye p\u00eak b\u00eene heye.<\/p>\n

Ji Bo Derketina Ji Kaosa Rojhilata Nav\u00een L\u00eager\u00een\u00ean Alternat\u00eef <\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00c7awa ku me li jor hewl da bidin xuyakirin Rojhilaya Nav\u00een, h\u00ea j\u00ee di h\u00eaza jiyandin \u00fb domandina nirx\u00ean p\u00ea\u015f\u00een \u00ean civakb\u00fbniy\u00ea lewma y\u00ean aboriy\u00ea de ye. Di domahiya d\u00eerok\u00ea de l\u00eager\u00een\u00ean jiyana hevpar \u00fb \u00e7anda civaka demokrat\u00eek her tim berdewam kiriye \u00fb \u00eero din av jiyana civak\u00ee de h\u00ea j\u00ee xwediy\u00ea bandoreke diyarker e. L\u00ea her roj di nav \u00e7erxa pergala kedxwariya kap\u00eetal\u00eest de kuncandina w\u00ea j\u00ee t\u00ea zan\u00een. Ev kevne\u015fopiya jiyana demokrat\u00eek ku ji d\u00eerok\u00ea t\u00ea bi destkeftina p\u00ea\u015fengt\u00ee bi qas\u00ee ku bikaribe were bir\u00eaxistinkirin, xwediy\u00ea \u015fans\u00ea jiyand\u00eetin\u00ea \u00fb h\u00eaza sekna li hember r\u00fbx\u00eeneriya kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea ye.<\/p>\n

Rojhilata Nav\u00een\u00ea, ji bo ji v\u00ea kaosa ku pergala kedxwar\u00ee ya bavkan\u00ee-kap\u00eetal\u00eest\u00ea p\u00eak aniye xelas bibe ji kevne\u015fopiya xwe ya d\u00eerok\u00ee j\u00ee h\u00eaz\u00ea girtiye \u00fb tecr\u00fbbey\u00ean cih\u00eareng bip\u00ea\u015f xistiye. Li be\u015f\u00ean gundewar nirx\u00ean komunal, pi\u015ftgir\u00ee \u00fb di diyarkeriya r\u00eageza exlaq\u00ee de \u00e7anda jiyana di nav hev de h\u00ea j\u00ee rew\u015feke berbelav e. Taybetmendiy\u00ean jiyan\u00ea ku ji xwezay\u00ea re r\u00eazdar \u00fb bi xwezay\u00ea re di heman teraz\u00ea de t\u00ean domkirin zind\u00ee ne. \u015e\u00eaweya pal\u00fbtey\u00ea, wek vebeyneke \u00e7anda hevpar\u00ee \u00fb pi\u015ftgiriy\u00ea ku li gundan ser\u00ee l\u00ea t\u00ea day\u00een \u00fb \u00e7anda jiyan\u00ea ye ku di roja me de h\u00ea j\u00ee t\u00ea domkirin.<\/p>\n

Yek ji tecr\u00fbbey\u00ean jiyana abor\u00ee komunal a hevpar j\u00ee K\u00eebb\u00fbtz\u00ean ku li \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea hatine damezrandin in. K\u00eebb\u00fbtz\u00ean ku wateya wan a peyv\u00ea;\u00a0 civat<\/em> an j\u00ee yek\u00eet\u00ee<\/em> ye, cara p\u00ea\u015f\u00een di sala 1909\u2019an de hatiye avakirin. Pi\u015ft re di avakirina dewleta \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea de bandor\u00ean w\u00ea y\u00ean mezin \u00e7\u00ea b\u00fbne. Her \u00e7iqas hinek cih\u00earengiy\u00ean w\u00ea hebin j\u00ee K\u00eebb\u00fbtz, gund\u00ean ku ne ya milkiyeta taybet, milkiyeta civat\u00ea, ku xebat bi hev re t\u00ean bir\u00eaxistinkirin \u00fb bir\u00eavebirin, demokrasiya rasterast t\u00ea sepandin, xwediy\u00ea r\u00eaxistinb\u00fbna bi \u015f\u00eawaza meclis\u00ea, di nav civat\u00ea de zarok j\u00ee t\u00ea de jiyan bi hev re dihatin bir\u00eaxistin in. Di roja me de bi qas\u00ee 250 K\u00eebb\u00fbtz\u00ean ku 1.000 kes t\u00ea de dij\u00een hene. Ev j\u00ee di tay\u00ea %3\u2019y\u00ea gelheya \u00cesra\u00eel\u00ea de ye. K\u00eebb\u00fbtz\u00ean p\u00ea\u015f\u00een ten\u00ea di tewereya xebat\u00ean \u00e7andiniy\u00ea de b\u00fbn. L\u00ea pi\u015ft re di qad\u00ean hilber\u00eena p\u00ee\u015fesaz\u00ee \u00fb fabr\u00eekayan de j\u00ee K\u00eebb\u00fbtz\u00ean manend berbelav b\u00fbn. Ev qad\u00ean ku kevne\u015fopiya jiyana komunal afirandine \u00fb domandine b\u00fbyina xwe ya away\u00ea hilber\u00eena alternat\u00eef a p\u00eawist a bi xweseriya xwe didom\u00eenin.(19)<\/p>\n

Qismeke ji qad\u00ean hilber\u00eena kolekt\u00eef j\u00ee kooperat\u00eef\u00ean ku bi sal\u00ean 1950\u2019yan re bi dest\u00ea dewlet\u00ea hatine bip\u00ea\u015fxistin in. Wek Misir, Iraq, S\u00fbriye ku h\u00eala ji r\u00eaveberiy\u00ean ku ji tecr\u00fbbey\u00ean welat\u00ean sosyal\u00eest bi bandor b\u00fbne ve xebat\u00ean kooperat\u00eef\u00ee hatine te\u015fw\u00eeqkirin \u00fb pi\u015ftgir\u00ee hatiye day\u00een. L\u00ea serkeftina ku hatiye armanckirin n\u00ee\u015fan nedahine. Digel ku wek qad\u00ean hilber\u00eena kollekt\u00eef a heyama n\u00fb hatine fikirandin j\u00ee, hem ji ber t\u00eara xwe gir\u00eeng\u00ee nedahina nirx\u00ean jiyana komunal-demokrat\u00eek \u00fb ya her\u00ee p\u00eawist nean\u00eena jin\u00ea ya rew\u015fa p\u00eakhateya bingeh\u00een a mekan\u00eezmay\u00ean biryar \u00fb fealiyet\u00ean abor\u00ee neb\u00fbn xwediy\u00ea serkeftineke berdewamkir\u00ee. Bi \u00eefadeyeke rastir\u00een ji ber bidestnexistina berbelaviy\u00ea veneguher\u00een pergala civak\u00ee \u00fb veneguher\u00een h\u00eemeke ku pergala kap\u00eetal\u00eest derbas bikin. Lewre ev vesazb\u00fbn\u00ean ku bi dest\u00ea dewlet\u00ea hatine dan\u00een li gor xwezaya xwe nikarin di w\u00ea h\u00eaz \u00fb armanc\u00ea de bin ku v\u00ea p\u00eak b\u00eenin. Di v\u00ea tecr\u00fbbey\u00ea de gelek ba\u015f derketiye hol\u00ea ku ev cure vesazb\u00fbn\u00ean aboriy\u00ea ku xebit\u00eena burokrat\u00eek\u00ee ya hik\u00fbmat\u00ean navend\u00ee hakim e, kirariya demokrat\u00eek bi h\u00eazdar\u00ee nay\u00ea xebitandin ji dahina b\u00eahn\u00ea ya pergal\u00ea p\u00ea ve na\u00e7in.<\/p>\n

Di v\u00ea mijar\u00ea de tecr\u00fbbeyeke p\u00eawist felsefeya A. Ocalan \u00fb modela abor\u00ee ya komunal ku tevgera Azadiya Kurd bi p\u00ea\u015f xistiye ye. A. Ocalan bi anal\u00eezkirineke d\u00eerok\u00ee \u00fb k\u00fbr ya her\u00eam\u00ea \u015f\u00eeroveyeke n\u00fb ji sosyal\u00eezm\u00ea re t\u00eene. Modela aboriya komunal a demokrat\u00eek li ser v\u00ea teza sosyal\u00eest bi p\u00ea\u015f ve dibe. Tevgera Azad\u00ee ya Kurd ku n\u00eaz\u00ea \u00e7il salan e t\u00eadiko\u015fe modeleke bir\u00eaxistinb\u00fbn\u00ea ya li gor nirx\u00ean sosyal\u00eest bi p\u00ea\u015f xistiye. Bi \u015f\u00eawazeke ku r\u00eageza jiyana demokrat\u00eek-komunal esas t\u00ea girtin, t\u00eakiliya milkiyet\u00ea a\u00eed\u00ea civak\u00ea ye, parad\u00eegmaya azad\u00eexwaziya jin\u00ea di hem\u00fb mekan\u00eezmay\u00ean bir\u00eaxistib\u00fbn\u00ea de t\u00ea xebitandin, bi bir\u00eaxistinb\u00fbn\u00ean xweser-resen her h\u00eemeke reseniya xwe dipar\u00eaze \u00fb be\u015fdar\u00ea mekan\u00eezmay\u00ean r\u00eaveberiy\u00ea dibe, bi teraza ekoloj\u00eek\u00ee re ahengdar dij\u00een. Di p\u00eavajoya p\u00eanc sal\u00ean daw\u00ee de bi r\u00eaxistinb\u00fbniy\u00ean bi \u015f\u00eawaza meclis\u00ea re r\u00eaxistinb\u00fbn\u00ean aboriya komunal-demokrat\u00eek berbelav\u00ee bidest xistiye. Di h\u00eala gi\u015ft\u00ee ya c\u00eehan \u00fb Rojhilata Nav\u00een de di l\u00eager\u00eena jiyana komunal-demokrat\u00eek a alternat\u00eef de b\u00fbne tecr\u00fbbeyeke p\u00eawist. Bi felsefe \u00fb modela bir\u00eaxistinb\u00fbna xwe ku li hember kedxwariya pawanan jiyana komunal-demokrat\u00eek a gelan derp\u00ea\u015f dike, zayendpar\u00eaziya civak\u00ee hatiye derbaskirin, jin diyarkera bingeh\u00een a aboriy\u00ea ye, hilber\u00eena bi bingeha p\u00eadiviy\u00ea esas digre di taybetmendiyeke alternat\u00eefb\u00fbna li hember pergala kedxwar\u00ee ya kap\u00eetal\u00eest de ye.<\/p>\n

Modela aboriy\u00ea ku jin\u00ean Kurd bi s\u00fbdwergirtina ji tecr\u00fbbey\u00ean tevgera azad\u00ee ya Kurd bi p\u00ea\u015f xistiye l\u00ea bi vesazb\u00fbna xwe ya ku taybetmendiy\u00ean xweser dihew\u00eene, ji modela abor\u00ee ya tevgera azadiya Kurd re t\u00eakariy\u00ea dide tecr\u00fbbeyeke p\u00eawist e. Bi fealiyet\u00ean xwe y\u00ean abor\u00ee y\u00ean komunal-azad ku li hember pergala \u00e7anda m\u00ear-n\u00ea\u00e7\u00eervan ku ji k\u00ealiya p\u00ea\u015f\u00een a avab\u00fbna pergala bavkaniy\u00ea vir ve tek al\u00ee bi p\u00ea\u015f ketiye jin\u00ea digre navenda xwe modeleke n\u00fb p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015f dike. Abor\u00ee di esas\u00ea xwe de li dor jin\u00ea bi p\u00ea\u015f ketiye \u00fb xebateke jin\u00ea ye. Tecr\u00fbbey\u00ean ku hatine jiyandin derxistine hol\u00ea ku tu modela ku jin t\u00eade cih negre nikare \u00eediaya parvekirina adil \u00fb azadiya civak\u00ee bike \u00fb bi ser bikeve. Jin\u00ean Kurd ku v\u00ea rew\u015f\u00ea tesp\u00eet kirine, tesp\u00eet dikin ku heta keda jin\u00ea ya ku xeleka p\u00ea\u015f\u00een \u00fb a daw\u00ee ya kedxwariy\u00ea ye azad nebe kedxwar\u00ee ji hol ra nabe. Bawer dikin ku modeleke azad\u00eexwaz, b\u00eakedxwar\u00ee, komunal \u00fb demokrat\u00eek di wateya civak\u00ee de ten\u00ea di hevgiriya ku fealiyet\u00ean abor\u00ee y\u00ean jin\u00ea di her qad\u00ea de serdest bin \u00fb tecr\u00fbbeya xwe ya resen bikaribe bi p\u00ea\u015f bix\u00eene dikare p\u00eakan be. Bi v\u00ea re t\u00eakildar bir\u00eaxistinb\u00fbna abor\u00ee ya resen-xweser ku jin\u00ean Kurd bi p\u00ea\u015f xistiye tecr\u00fbbeyeke p\u00eawsit e. Bi qas\u00ee esasgirtina bir\u00eaxistinb\u00fbna di her qada hilber\u00een\u00ea de, , b\u00ea ku z\u00eade cih bide navbeynkaran gihandina li mez\u00eaxer\u00ea\/\u00ee, tor\u00ean bir\u00eaxistinb\u00fbn\u00ea bi p\u00ea\u015f dix\u00eenin. Di v\u00ea bir\u00eaxistinb\u00fbna aboriy\u00ea de ku h\u00eazdarb\u00fbna \u00eerad\u00ee ya jin\u00ea dike armanc di mekan\u00eezmay\u00ean biryar\u00ea de jin bi akt\u00eef\u00ee cih digrin. Di heman dem\u00ea de qad\u00ean hilber\u00een\u00ea qad\u00ean jiyana komunal in. Bi v\u00ea re t\u00eakildar dikare were destn\u00ee\u015fankirin ku gelek mesafe girtiye. Xwediy\u00ea feraseta aboriyeke wisa ne ku xebat\u00ean xwe bi \u015f\u00eawaza meclis\u00ea bir\u00eaxistin dikin, bir\u00eaxistinb\u00fbn\u00ean kooperat\u00eef\u00ee bi riheke komunal dixebit\u00eenin. Akademiy\u00ean ku xebat\u00ean ku hatine kirin b\u00ean nirxandin, zanista aboriy\u00ea p\u00eanase bike \u00fb zan\u00eena w\u00ea belav bike, konferans\u00ean ku biryargirtin \u00fb tecr\u00fbbey\u00ean hevpar der dix\u00eene der hatine sazkirin. Gelek xebat\u00ean ku wek ji qad\u00ean jiyan\u00ea y\u00ean jin\u00ea, heta park\u00ean jin\u00ea, karg\u00eariy\u00ean jin\u00ea, heta qad\u00ean hilber\u00eena \u00e7and\u00een\u00ee dir\u00eaj dibe bi v\u00ea perspekt\u00eef\u00ea hatine bir\u00eaxistinkirin.<\/p>\n

Pergala Abor\u00ee ya Demokrat\u00eek- Komunal a Jin\u00ea<\/strong><\/p>\n

Encama ku di roniya tevahiya van tecr\u00fbbey\u00ean ku hatine jiyandin de derketine derve, tu pergaleke aboriy\u00ea ku jin t\u00eade cih nagre \u00fb p\u00ea\u015fengiya w\u00ea nake ne di qudreta \u00e7\u00eakirina pergaleke komunal, demokrat\u00eek \u00fb bi tevah\u00ee ji hol\u00ea rakirina kedxwariy\u00ea de ye. Bi \u00e7ar\u00e7oveya teor\u00eek \u00fb fealiyet\u00ean aboriyeke ku jin\u00ea digre navenda xwe ten\u00ea dikare ji pirsgir\u00eak\u00ean kokdar ku pergala kedxwariy\u00ea afirandiye re \u00e7areseriyan bi p\u00ea\u015f bix\u00eene.<\/p>\n

Rojhilata Nav\u00een, erdn\u00eegariyeke ku xwediy\u00ea kevne\u015fopiyeke kokdar e, civak\u00eeb\u00fbn\u00ee di dorh\u00eala jin\u00ea de bi p\u00ea\u015f ketiye, fealiyeta p\u00ea\u015f\u00een a aboriy\u00ea, nirxa bikaran\u00een\u00ea, nirxa guher\u00een\u00ea \u00fb bazirgan\u00ee bi p\u00ea\u015f ketiye. Digel r\u00fbxandin\u00ean k\u00fbr ku kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea di domdariya du sed salan de li her\u00eam\u00ea bi p\u00ea\u015f xistiye j\u00ee ji bo avakirina pergala aboriya komunal demokrat\u00eek ku d\u00ea derketina ji rew\u015fa kaos\u00ea dab\u00een bike h\u00ea j\u00ee xwediy\u00ea potansiyeleke h\u00eazdar e. Bi taybet\u00ee tevger\u00ean civak\u00ee ku di p\u00ea\u015fengtiya jin\u00ea de bi p\u00ea\u015f ketine di v\u00ea mijar\u00ea h\u00eaviy\u00ea dide. Bir\u00eaxistinb\u00fbn\u00ean jin\u00ea ku gih\u00ee\u015ftine fikra div\u00eatiya bip\u00ea\u015fxistina zanista jin\u00ea (jineoloj\u00ee), ku bir\u00eaxistinb\u00fbna jin\u00ea di her qad\u00ea de bi p\u00ea\u015f dix\u00eene, h\u00eaviy\u00ean di h\u00eala ku ev dikare bi p\u00ea\u015f bikeve h\u00eazdar dike. Ev tecr\u00fbbe \u00e7awa ku ji tecr\u00fbbeya t\u00eako\u015f\u00eena jina c\u00eehan\u00ea xwed\u00ee dibe di heman dem\u00ea de ji bo hem\u00fb jin\u00ean c\u00eehan\u00ea hatiye rew\u015fa \u00e7avkaniya h\u00eaviy\u00ea \u00fb tecr\u00fbbeyeke p\u00eawist.<\/p>\n

Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea beriya her ti\u015ft\u00ee p\u00eadiv\u00ee bi p\u00eanasekirina ji n\u00fb ve ya zanista abor\u00ee \u00fb t\u00eageh\u00ean w\u00ea; ku bi \u015f\u00eawaza ku h\u00eala jin\u00ea ya ked\u00ea, h\u00eala w\u00ea ya komunal, kolekt\u00eef wer digre heye. Taybetmendiya t\u00eagehan a wergir\u00ee an j\u00ee vederkirin\u00ea di taybetmendiya ku heyiy\u00ea tune bike tuney\u00ee hey\u00ee bike de ye. \u015e\u00eawaza p\u00eanasekirin\u00ea ku keda jin\u00ea, keda kolekt\u00eef, keda kumulat\u00eef vedihew\u00eene an j\u00ee venahew\u00eene diyardeya nirx\u00ea j\u00ee destn\u00ee\u015fan dike. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea p\u00ea\u015fikiya her l\u00eager\u00eena alternat\u00eef an j\u00ee bi \u00eefadeyek b\u00eahtir rast mifteya l\u00eager\u00eena modela aboriyeke azad\u00eexwaz, ji p\u00eanasekirina aboriy\u00ea derbas dibe. Abor\u00ee di esas\u00ea xwe de temamiya p\u00eavajo \u00fb kirariy\u00ean ku hem\u00fb fealiyet\u00ean jiyan\u00ee ku civak bi hev re hildiber\u00eene, diqed\u00eene ye. Di v\u00ea watey\u00ea de xebateke ku hem\u00fb ferd\u00ean civak\u00ea-civat\u00ea eleqedar dike ye. Azad\u00eexwazb\u00fbna w\u00ea li gor xwezaya kar nebe nabe ye, jiyan\u00ee ye. Ev j\u00ee ancax bi sepandina demokrasiya be\u015fdar\u00ee p\u00eakan e.<\/p>\n

R\u00eageza bingeh\u00een a aboriy\u00ea berevajiy\u00ea wek\u00ee t\u00ea zan\u00een ne hiq\u00fbq e, exlaqa ku nirx\u00ean hevpar \u00ean civak\u00ea \u00eefade dike ye. P\u00eadiv\u00ee bi vesazb\u00fbneke aboriy\u00ea ku r\u00eageza exlaq\u00ee ji n\u00fb ve b\u00eene rew\u015fa diyarkera bingeh\u00een a fealiyeta aboriy\u00ea heye. Pergala abor\u00ee ya jin\u00ea, dikare ji n\u00fb ve r\u00eageza exlaq\u00ee t\u00eax\u00eene bingeha aboriy\u00ea.<\/p>\n

Abor\u00ee di esas\u00ea xwe de fealiyeteke civak\u00ee ye \u00fb bir\u00eaxistinb\u00fbniy\u00ea dixwaze. Atom\u00eezekirina civak\u00ea ya ji h\u00eala kap\u00eetal\u00eezm\u00ea ve bi armanca k\u00fbrkirina kedxwariy\u00ea ye. Kap\u00eetal\u00eezm ji h\u00ealek\u00ee ve ferdpar\u00eaziy\u00ea t\u00eene rew\u015fa dir\u00fb\u015fmeya bingeh\u00een a azadiy\u00ea \u00fb civakiy\u00ea \u00fb h\u00eaza ku ji civakiy\u00ea t\u00ea belav dike, ew bi xwe ji bo kedxwariy\u00ea b\u00eahtir k\u00fbr bike heta dawiy\u00ea bir\u00eaxistin dibe. Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea aboriya komunal demokrat\u00eek a jin\u00ea berbelav \u00fb bi k\u00fbrb\u00fbniy\u00ea xwe disp\u00eare bir\u00eaxistinb\u00fbna civak\u00ea.<\/p>\n

Di xwezay\u00ea de tu heb\u00fbnek-p\u00eakhateyek ne b\u00ea xwepar\u00eaziy\u00ea ye. De \u00eecar li c\u00eehaneke wisa ku bi armanca kedxwariy\u00ea tekn\u00eek\u00ean zor\u00ea ewqas t\u00ean bikaran\u00een abor\u00ee b\u00ea xwepar\u00eaziy\u00ea nay\u00ea fikirandin. Lazim e abor\u00ee bigh\u00eeje mekan\u00eezmay\u00ean xwe y\u00ean parastin \u00fb xweh\u00eavi\u015fandin\u00ea. Fealiyet\u00ean aboriy\u00ea bi xwe j\u00ee di esas\u00ea xwe de xebateke xwepar\u00eaz\u00ee ya bi armanca h\u00eavi\u015fandina heb\u00fbn\u00ea ye. Bi v\u00ea re t\u00eakildar tev\u00ee bir\u00eaxistinb\u00fbn\u00ea div\u00ea teqez fealiyeta aboriy\u00ea bi mekan\u00eezmay\u00ean xwepar\u00eaziy\u00ea werin arastin.<\/p>\n

Bip\u00ea\u015fxistina vesazb\u00fbn\u00ean saziy\u00ee y\u00ean aboriya komunal demokrat\u00eek \u00fb feraseta Bazar\u00ea di bir\u00eaxistinkirina pergala alternat\u00eef de p\u00eawist e. Di vesazb\u00fbneke aboriy\u00ea de ku Bazar nirxa ked\u00ea diyar dike heta feraseta Bazar\u00ea ney\u00ea bip\u00ea\u015fxistin, bip\u00ea\u015fxitina pergala alternat\u00eef z\u00eade ne p\u00eakan e. Feraseta Bazareke ku nirxa bikaran\u00een\u00ea ra\u00e7av dike dikare di teqd\u00eerkirina rast a nirxa ked\u00ea de rol\u00ea bil\u00eeze. Bi feraseta Bazara sosyal ku p\u00ea\u015f\u00ee li rahijmendiy\u00ean bi armanca kar\u00ea pirtir\u00een digre, p\u00eakan\u00eena ya her\u00ee xwe\u015fik, pi\u015ftgiriy\u00ea \u00fb parvekirin\u00ea te\u015fw\u00eeq dike aboriya komunal demokrat\u00eek dikare bi p\u00ea\u015f bikeve.<\/p>\n

Li hember r\u00fbxandina xwezay\u00ea ku p\u00ee\u015fesaziy\u00eeb\u00fbniy\u00ea afirandiye esasgirtina bip\u00ea\u015fxistina xebateke hilber\u00een\u00ea ku bikaran\u00eena tekn\u00eek\u00ean ekoloj\u00eek esas digre lazim e bibe p\u00ea\u015fikiya aboriya komunal demokrat\u00eek. Tev\u00ee ku h\u00eal\u00ean h\u00easankirin\u00ea y\u00ean teknolojiya p\u00ea\u015fket\u00ee ya di t\u00eakiliya hilber\u00een\u00ea de ney\u00ea redkirin div\u00ea d\u00fbrmahina ji teknoloj\u00ee \u00fb hem\u00fb away\u00ean hilber\u00een\u00ea ku zerar\u00ea dide xwezay\u00ea, derdor\u00ea dir\u00fbx\u00eene, armanca aboriya komunal demokrat\u00eek be. Bi v\u00ea re t\u00eakildar feraseteke ku li hemberb\u00fbna \u00e7\u00eakirina HES\u2019an, santral\u00ean nukleer\u00ee, ber\u00ean GDO\u2019y\u00ee \u00fb berp\u00eab\u00fbna qad\u00ean hilber\u00een\u00ea ku alternat\u00eef\u00ean xebat\u00ean bi v\u00ee away\u00ee ne esas digre dipejir\u00eene \u00fb jiyandar dike.<\/p>\n

Wek encam ev kaosa ku Rojhilata Nav\u00een dij\u00ee bi asta pergala bavkan\u00ee ku tek al\u00ee p\u00ea\u015f ketiye ve gir\u00eaday\u00ee ye. Derketina ji v\u00ea bi pergaleke civak\u00ee ku v\u00ea \u00e7erxa pergala kedxwar a bavkan\u00ee bide sekinandin \u00fb ji nirx\u00ean civak\u00ee re can bide, bi derbaskirina rol\u00ean zayendiya civak\u00ee \u00fb pa\u015fve dahina rola serdest a jin\u00ea ya di civakb\u00fbn\u00ee \u00fb aboriy\u00ea de p\u00eakan e. Di v\u00ea watey\u00ea de tevger\u00ean civak\u00ee y\u00ean demokrat\u00eek, dikarin di p\u00ea\u015fengtiya t\u00eako\u015f\u00een\u00ean azadiy\u00ea ya jinan v\u00ea bi ser bix\u00eenin. Di v\u00ea heyama ku li Rojhilata Nav\u00een qeyrana \u015faristaniy\u00ea k\u00fbr b\u00fbye de, h\u00eaz \u00fb potansiyela ku v\u00ea derketin\u00ea p\u00eak b\u00eene heye. H\u00eav\u00ee li gor hem\u00fb deman b\u00eahtir mezin \u00fb n\u00eaz e.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Zeynep Esengul<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u00c7AVKAN\u00ce:<\/p>\n

1-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Li Rojhilata Nav\u00een qeyrana \u015faristan\u00ee \u00fb \u00e7areseriya \u015faristaniya demokrat\u00eek -Abdullah Ocalan<\/p>\n

2-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 F.Bra\u00fbdle hilhatina aboriy\u00ea bi p\u00eavajoya p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fby\u00eena Bazar\u00ea dide destp\u00eakirin. A. Ocalan j\u00ee bi heyama aboriya diyariy\u00ea ku nirxa bikaran\u00een\u00ea tekane p\u00eevana nirx\u00ea ye bera z\u00eadek wek p\u00eevaneke nirxdahina hev dihatin p\u00ea\u015fk\u00ea\u015fkirin dide destp\u00eakirin. (Serdema xweday\u00ean b\u00ea r\u00fbpo\u015f qral\u00ean taz\u00ee)<\/p>\n

3-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ger were destn\u00ee\u015fankirin ku n\u00eazikahiya pergala bavkan\u00ee ku afirandin\u00ean jin\u00ea b\u00ea nirx dike an j\u00ee wek tune dihesib\u00eene vebeyna v\u00ea qad\u00ea ye d\u00ea ne fi\u015fal\u00ee be.<\/p>\n

4-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 \u015earistaniya Madd\u00ee – F.Bra\u00fbdle.<\/p>\n

5-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Li Rojhilata Nav\u00een qeyrana \u015faristaniy\u00ea \u00fb \u00e7areseriya \u015faristaniya demokrat\u00eek -Abdullah Ocalan<\/p>\n

6-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Koka Malbat\u00ea, Milkiyeta Taybet \u00db Dewlet\u00ea -Fr\u00eeedr\u00eech Engels<\/p>\n

7-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Jin m\u00eatingeh\u00ean daw\u00ee – Mar\u00eea M\u00eees(N\u00eazikahiya rexney\u00ee ji teoriya nirxa ked\u00ea ya K. Marks\u00ee re)<\/p>\n

8-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Xwed\u00eeb\u00fbn an j\u00ee xwed\u00eeneb\u00fbn – Er\u00eechFrom<\/p>\n

9-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Li Rojhilata Nav\u00een qeyrana \u015faristan\u00ee \u00fb \u00e7areseriya \u015faristaniya demokrat\u00eek -Abdullah Ocalan<\/p>\n

10-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Li Rojhilata Nav\u00een qeyrana \u015faristan\u00ee \u00fb \u00e7areseriya \u015faristaniya demokrat\u00eek -Abdullah Ocalan<\/p>\n

11-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ji belgey\u00ean W\u00eekk\u00eeleks ku di p\u00eavajoya hilbijartina 2016\u2019yan a DYE\u2019y\u00ea de hatin daxuyandin. Ji hesaba hackb\u00fby\u00ee ya H. Cl\u00eentona ku wez\u00eera kar\u00ean derve ya DYE ya w\u00ea heyam\u00ea b\u00fb di hevniv\u00eesandin\u00ean a\u00eed\u00ea 2012\u2019yan de di derbar\u00ea DA\u00ce\u015e\u2019\u00ea de ku \u00e7awa hatiye avakirin t\u00eara xwe agahiy\u00ean a\u015fkeraker hene.<\/p>\n

12-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Mazdek, ji Hamedan\u00ea ye \u00fb r\u00eaberek\u00ee gel \u00ea reformxwaz e ku di d\u00eeroka 499\u2019an hatiye qetilkirin. Mazdek\u00ee, li hember pergala desthilatiya m\u00ear \u00fb dewletpar\u00eaziy\u00ea pergaleke wekhev\u00ee, m\u00earebay\u00ee \u00fb azad\u00eexwaz parastiye. Di v\u00ea bingeh\u00ea de j\u00ee;<\/p>\n

a-M\u00earebatiya di wateya parvekirina mal \u00fb serwet\u00ea de<\/p>\n

b-Wekheviya navbera jin-m\u00ear\u00ee<\/p>\n

c-Tevgereke fikra ku li ser mirovan desthilat\u00ee \u00fb tehak\u00fbm nay\u00ea dan\u00een dike navenda felsefeya xwe bi p\u00ea\u015f xistiye.<\/p>\n

13-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Ji h\u00eala Hurrema hevj\u00eena Mazdek\u00ee ve Mazdek\u00eezm hatiye domandin \u00fb pi\u015ft re ji tevgera ku nav\u00ea Hurrem\u00eezm\u00ea girtiye re \u00e7avkan\u00eetiy\u00ea kiriye. Hurrem\u00eezm, x\u00eazeke t\u00eako\u015f\u00een\u00ea ya komunal ku kok\u00ean w\u00ea disp\u00earin felsefeya Zerdu\u015ft\u00ee ye.<\/p>\n

14-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Dema di ss 9. de Cav\u00eedana r\u00eabera Hurremiyan dimre Babek dikeve \u015f\u00fbna w\u00ea. Li hember Ebbasiyan tevgereke gel a h\u00eadar dide destp\u00eakirin. Pi\u015ft re di 837\u2019an de d\u00eel dikeve dest\u00ea Ebbasiyan, bi \u00ee\u015fkencey\u00ean hovane t\u00ea ku\u015ftin.<\/p>\n

15-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Tevgereke gel a berbelav e ku li ba\u015f\u00fbr\u00ea Iraqa \u00eero di dawiya ss 9. de di p\u00ea\u015fengtiya Hamdan \u00fb Abdan\u00ee de bi p\u00ea\u015f ketiye. Hamdan\u00ee pergaleke aboriy\u00ea ya tek\u00fbz, gelek n\u00eaz\u00ea modela komun\u00eest\u00ea bi p\u00ea\u015f xist.<\/p>\n

16-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Di ss 20. de D\u00eeroka Aboriy\u00ean Rojhilata Nav\u00een – Robert Owen rpl:9<\/p>\n

17-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Di ss 20. de D\u00eeroka Aboriy\u00ean Rojhilata Nav\u00een – Robert Owen. rpl;10<\/p>\n

18-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Di ss 20. de D\u00eeroka Aboriy\u00ean Rojhilata Nav\u00een- Robert Owen. rpl;134<\/p>\n

19-\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 Aboriya Komunal Demokrat\u00eek – Abdullah Ocalan We\u015fan\u00ean Sosyal B\u00eel\u00eemler Akadem\u00ees\u00ee<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Ferhengok:<\/p>\n

Arastin – Donatmak-<\/p>\n

Aver\u00eab\u00fbn – Sapma-<\/p>\n

Berdewamkirin – Olagelmek-<\/p>\n

Bigerew – Kar\u015filikli-<\/p>\n

Binyat\u00ee – Yapisal-<\/p>\n

Bi ten\u00ea, tek, sirf, sade, mutleq – Salt-<\/p>\n

Dahat – Gel\u00eer-<\/p>\n

Danhev\u00ee – Rezerv-<\/p>\n

Der\u00e7\u00fbn – \u00c7iki\u015f-<\/p>\n

D\u00eaman\u00ee – Yerle\u015f\u00eek-<\/p>\n

Diviyat\u00ee, mecb\u00fbr\u00eet\u00ee – Zorunl\u00fbl\u00fbk-<\/p>\n

Diyarde – Olg\u00fb-<\/p>\n

Diyarker – Bel\u00eerley\u00eec\u00ee-<\/p>\n

Ezm\u00fbn, tecr\u00fbbe – Deney\u00eem-<\/p>\n

Feris\u00een – \u00c7ozulme-<\/p>\n

Gelhe – Nuf\u00fbs-<\/p>\n

Ge\u015feb\u00fby\u00een, p\u00ea\u015fve\u00e7\u00fbn – Gel\u00ee\u015f\u00eem-<\/p>\n

Gundewar – Kirsal-<\/p>\n

Hendef – \u00db\u00e7\u00fbr\u00fbm-<\/p>\n

Heyam – Donem-<\/p>\n

Hilber\u00een – Uret\u00eem-<\/p>\n

\u00cezole – Yalitim-<\/p>\n

Ji ber v\u00ea yek\u00ea, loma, lewma – Dolayisiyla-<\/p>\n

Ji bo, bi \u015fert\u00ea – Uzere-<\/p>\n

Kar\u00eeger – Etk\u00een-<\/p>\n

Kirar\u00ee – \u00ce\u015flem-<\/p>\n

Kudirandin – Gutmek-<\/p>\n

Kuncandin – Orseleme-<\/p>\n

L\u00ea vegerandin – \u00cend\u00eergemek-<\/p>\n

Meleke – Yet\u00ee-<\/p>\n

Mezax – Tuket\u00eem-<\/p>\n

M\u00eareba – Ortak\u00e7i, maraba-<\/p>\n

N\u00ee\u015fander – Gosterge-<\/p>\n

Pal\u00fbte – \u00cemece-<\/p>\n

Pawan – Tekel-<\/p>\n

Pawankirin – Tekelle\u015ft\u00eerme-<\/p>\n

Pay\u00een – Beklemek-<\/p>\n

Pergandin – Kar\u015filama-<\/p>\n

Pevguhartin – Takas-<\/p>\n

P\u00eaker, faktor, lebat\u00ee – Etken-<\/p>\n

P\u00eawend\u00ee, t\u00eakil\u00ee – Baglam-<\/p>\n

Rab\u00fbna p\u00eadar\u00ea – \u015eahlani\u015f-<\/p>\n

Ragirtin – Alikoymak-<\/p>\n

Rahijmend\u00ee – G\u00eer\u00ee\u015f\u00eem-<\/p>\n

Rapir\u00ee – A\u015firilik-<\/p>\n

R\u00eagez – \u00celke-<\/p>\n

Serdest – Ba\u015fat-<\/p>\n

Seyr, \u00e7\u00fby\u00een – Sey\u00eer-<\/p>\n

\u015eelp\u00eener – Yan\u0131lt\u0131c\u0131-<\/p>\n

\u015e\u00eawegirtin, \u015fekilgirtin – \u015eek\u00eellenmek-<\/p>\n

\u015eorax – \u00c7orak-<\/p>\n

Spart\u00ee – Dayali-<\/p>\n

\u015e\u00fbv – Nadas-<\/p>\n

Tellp – Tort\u00fb-<\/p>\n

Tengav\u00ee – B\u00fbnalim-<\/p>\n

Teraz – Denge-<\/p>\n

Te\u015fe, \u015f\u00eawe – B\u00ee\u00e7\u00eem, \u015fek\u00eel-<\/p>\n

Te\u015febuskirin – G\u00eer\u00ee\u015fmek-<\/p>\n

Tewere – Eksen-<\/p>\n

T\u00eageh – Kavram-<\/p>\n

T\u00fb\u015fandin – \u00dbgratmak-<\/p>\n

Vesazb\u00fbn – Yapilanma-<\/p>\n

Xislet – Karakter-<\/p>\n

ev niv\u00ees ji kovara jineoloj\u00ee hejmara 16 \u00ea hatiye girtin<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sifata Xwed\u00ea ku di zaroktiya me de ji me re hatib\u00fb h\u00eenkirin; ji tuneb\u00fbn\u00ea heb\u00fbn, ji heb\u00fbn\u00ea tuneb\u00fbn afirandin b\u00fb ku p\u00eak dianiyan. Her ku em mezin b\u00fbn me heta hestiy\u00ean xwe h\u00ees kir ku ev taybetiya \u201cXwedah\u00ee\u201d di her qada jiyan\u00ea de bandor kiriye. Ev hikm di esas\u00ea xwe de ji ser heb\u00fbn \u00fb …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":12529,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[56,60],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12528","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-abori","category-lekolin"],"yoast_head":"\nAboriya jin - Kongra Star<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/kongra-star.org\/?p=12528\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Aboriya jin - Kongra Star\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Sifata Xwed\u00ea ku di zaroktiya me de ji me re hatib\u00fb h\u00eenkirin; ji tuneb\u00fbn\u00ea heb\u00fbn, ji heb\u00fbn\u00ea tuneb\u00fbn afirandin b\u00fb ku p\u00eak dianiyan. 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